home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=90TT2369>
- <link 91TT0518>
- <title>
- Sep. 10, 1990: The Tortoise And The Hare
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Sep. 10, 1990 Playing Cat And Mouse
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- THE GULF, Page 24
- The Tortoise and the Hare
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>As Moscow sees it, slow and steady diplomacy will pay off,
- especially if the first mad dash to contain Saddam fails
- </p>
- <p>By John Kohan/Moscow
- </p>
- <p> So far, so good. Since the morning Saddam Hussein sent Iraqi
- troops storming into Kuwait, the Soviet Union has been
- cooperating with the West in opposing him. Moscow voted yes
- four times in the United Nations to condemn Iraq and impose
- stiff sanctions. Soviet diplomats have repeatedly urged Iraq
- to retreat and to free all hostages, while rebuffing pleas to
- ease their support for the international opposition. When the
- U.N. was debating the crucial fifth vote authorizing force to
- back up the sanctions, Gorbachev publicly told Saddam to
- withdraw from Kuwait or face further action from the U.N. Only
- a few hours later, the Soviets joined the U.S. in approving the
- historic resolution.
- </p>
- <p> Probably no diplomatic change of heart during the gulf
- crisis has been as startling as Moscow's decision to join the
- international community against Iraq, the country that has long
- been the pivot for Soviet foreign policy in the gulf. But there
- are limits to Moscow's willingness to follow Washington's lead.
- Just because the Kremlin shares the American view that Iraq
- must withdraw its forces unconditionally from Kuwait does not
- mean the two superpowers see eye to eye on how to achieve that
- goal. While the Soviets do not intend to break ranks with the
- West, they have made it clear they want to proceed in their own
- way and at their own pace in dealing with Baghdad. Wary of a
- war, the Soviets want to give diplomacy and economic and
- political pressure time to work before any action is taken.
- </p>
- <p> Now that the initial emergency has been met, the Kremlin has
- been assessing its own interests in the complex situation. In
- effect, the U.S.S.R. wants to keep a foot in both camps,
- working with the international opposition--and reaping the
- political goodwill and potential economic rewards of being a
- team player--without cutting all ties to Iraq. Moscow could
- serve as a potential mediator, and the Soviets do not want to
- sacrifice all their independent influence in the region--or
- see the U.S. become the only outside player--once the crisis
- is over. As Vitali Naumkin, deputy director of Moscow's
- Institute of Oriental Studies, explains, "The Soviet Union has
- a different role to play. It still has a credit of trust with
- some regional powers that will not deal with the U.S."
- </p>
- <p> The Kremlin's attempt to preserve its lines of communication
- with Baghdad has resulted in a diplomatic two-step. Moscow has
- resisted withdrawing its controversial contingent of military
- advisers from Iraq--numbered at anywhere from 500 to 1,000--until their contracts expire, but has provided the Pentagon
- with information on Soviet military hardware there. After the
- Soviets voted to enforce the sanctions, Foreign Minister Eduard
- Shevardnadze stressed that "we have no plans to use force or
- take part in such operations."
- </p>
- <p> Moscow has pragmatic interests in staying slightly apart
- from the international pack baying at Saddam's heels. Economic
- ties with Baghdad have been a lucrative source of hard currency
- for the cash-strapped Soviet Union, and could continue to be
- in the future. There is also the unresolved question of the
- nearly 9,000 Soviet citizens still in Iraq, the largest
- national group trapped there from the West and East bloc
- countries.
- </p>
- <p> Reservations are mounting in Moscow over the U.S. decision
- to send a large force into Saudi Arabia. The Soviets are
- concerned the military buildup could increase the chances of
- an armed conflict in a region already bristling with weapons.
- They particularly fear what a besieged Saddam might do if left
- without any face-saving form of retreat. For this reason,
- Moscow favors combining U.N. diplomacy with regional peace
- efforts, particularly Arab-led initiatives. Shevardnadze
- reminded Arab foreign ministers last week that their "ability
- to unite largely determines whether or not a war in the Middle
- East can be averted."
- </p>
- <p> Already, some Soviet analysts say, the deployment of
- American soldiers to guard the holy places of Islam has stirred
- anti-American and anti-Western feelings among Muslims. Moscow
- frets that the crisis could ultimately widen the gap between
- North and South, pit the Islamic world against Europe and set
- the stage for future regional challenges that will prove beyond
- the control of either superpower.
- </p>
- <p> Hawkish Soviet generals have begun to grumble that the
- massing of U.S. troops only 600 miles from the Soviet Union's
- restive southern border could be intended as a permanent
- foothold threatening to the U.S.S.R. Deputy Foreign Minister
- Alexander Belonogov told parliamentary deputies that the Soviet
- Union had been "notified" about the U.S. decision to field an
- expeditionary force but "did not approve." Said he: "We cannot
- be overjoyed at the stepping up of American military power in
- the region--in the short term, because the situation is
- becoming more and more explosive; in the long term, because
- there is no guarantee that the U.S. will leave Saudi Arabia
- after the crisis is over."
- </p>
- <p> Wistful speculation can be heard in Moscow about what the
- two superpowers might have accomplished together politically
- had Washington not opted to send in troops. As Gorbachev noted
- in an interview last week in the liberal Moscow News, it was
- wiser to pursue "collective approaches" than "extreme measures
- to enhance one's prestige." Like the fable of the tortoise and
- the hare, the Soviets are obviously betting that their slow and
- steady brand of diplomacy will ultimately pay off, especially
- if the first mad dash to contain Saddam should bog down in the
- sand.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-